李秋芳,任振科

• 1:石家庄市环境监测中心

摘要(Abstract)：

石家庄市大气污染严重,尤其是PM_(2.5)浓度经常居高不下。为了更全面地掌握石家庄市PM_(2.5)浓度的变化规律,需要对其时间和空间变化规律进行长时间序列的分析。根据2013—2015年石家庄市区的监测数据,采用GIS空间分析方法,研究了PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征。结果表明,2013年PM_(2.5)平均质量浓度为154μg/m3,2014年为124μg/m3,2015年为89μg/m3;季节性分布规律明显,月均浓度均呈波浪形分布,日变化呈双峰形分布;还呈现出周末浓度高于工作日浓度的"周末效应"端倪;空间分布上呈现市区东南部污染较轻、北部污染较重的空间格局,并且污染较重的空间范围在逐渐缩小,污染较轻的空间范围逐渐扩大。研究结果有利于准确掌握石家庄市区PM_(2.5)污染的时空分布,从而有针对性地开展环境污染防控。

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境质量监测与评价;石家庄市;PM2.5;时间分布特征;空间分布特征;GIS

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 河北省科技支撑计划项目(16273714D)

作者(Author): 李秋芳,任振科

参考文献(References)：

• [1]任阵海,万本太,苏福庆,等.当前我国大气环境质量的几个特征[J].环境科学研究,2004,17(1):1-6.REN Zhenhai,WAN Bentai,SU Fuqing,et al.Several characteristics of atmospheric environmental quality in China at present[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2004,17(1):1-6.
• [2]CHAN C K,YAO X.Air pollution in mega cities in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(1):1-42.
• [3]DUAN J C,TAN J H,CHENG D X,et al.Sources and characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in two largest cities in Pearl River Delta Region,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(14):2895-2903.
• [4]DUAN J C,TAN J H,LIU Y,et al.Concentration,sources and ozone formation potential of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)during ozone episode in Beijing[J].Atmospheric Research,2008,88(1):25-35.
• [5]陶俊,张仁健,许振成,等.广州冬季大气消光系数的贡献因子研究[J].气候与环境研究,2009,14(5):484-490.TAO Jun,ZHANG Renjian,XU Zhencheng,et al.Contribution factors of ambient light extinction coefficient in the winter of Guangzhou[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2009,14(5):484-490.
• [6]韩素芹,张裕芬,李英华,等.天津市春季气溶胶消光特征和辐射效应的数值模拟[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(1):8-12.HAN Suqin,ZHANG Yufen,LI Yinghua,et al.Simulation of extinction and radiant effect of aerosol in spring of Tianjin City[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(1):8-12.
• [7]郭新彪,魏红英.大气PM2.5对健康影响的研究进展[J].科学通报,2013,58(13):1171-1177.GUO Xinbiao,WEI Hongying.Progress on the health effects of ambient PM2.5 pollution[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(13):1171-1177.
• [8]李珊珊,程念亮,徐峻,等.2014年京津冀地区PM2.5浓度时空分布及来源模拟[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(10):2908-2916.LI Shanshan,CHENG Nianliang,XU Jun,et al.Spatial and temporal distrubions and source simulation of PM2.5in BeijingTianjin-Hebei region in 2014[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(10):2908-2916.
• [9]王振波,方创琳,许光,等.2014年中国城市PM2.5浓度的时空变化规律[J].地理学报,2015,70(11):1720-1734.WANG Zhenbo,FANG Chuanglin,XU Guang,et al.Spatialtemporal characteristics of the PM2.5in China in 2014[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(11):1720-1734.
• [10]薛文博,付飞,王金南,等.中国PM2.5跨区域传输特征数值模拟研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(6):1361-1368.XUE Wenbo,FU Fei,WANG Jinnan,et al.Numerical study on the characteristics of regional transport of PM2.5in China[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(6):1361-1368.
• [11]贾海鹰,程念亮,何友江,等.2014年春季山东省PM2.5跨界输送研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(7):2353-2360.JIA Haiying,CHENG Nianliang,HE Youjiang,et al.Numerical study on the characteristics of regional transport of PM2.5in Shandong province during spring in 2014[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(7):2353-2360.
• [12]黄蕊珠,陈焕盛,葛宝珠,等.京津冀重霾期间PM2.5来源数值模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2670-2680.HUANG Ruizhu,CHEN Huansheng,GE Baozhu,et al.Numerical study on source contributions to PM2.5over BeijingTianjin-Hebei area during a severe haze event[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(9):2670-2680.
• [13]李璇,聂滕,齐珺,等.2013年1月北京市PM2.5区域来源解析[J].环境科学,2015,36(4):1148-1153.LI Xuan,NIE Teng,QI Jun,et al.Regional source apportionment of PM2.5in Beijing in January 2013[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(4):1148-1153.
• [14]李莉,安静宇,严茹莎.基于细颗粒物来源追踪技术的2013年12月上海市严重污染过程中PM2.5的源贡献分析[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3543-3553.LI Li,AN Jingyu,YAN Rusha.Source contribution analysis of the fine particles in Shanghai during a heavy haze episode in December,2013based on the particulate matter source apportionment technology[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(10):3543-3553.
• [15]周静博,任毅斌,洪纲,等.利用SPAMS研究石家庄市冬季连续灰霾天气的污染特征及成因[J].环境科学,2015,36(11):3972-3980.ZHOU Jingbo,REN Yibin,HONG Gang,et al.Characteristics and formation mechanism of a multi-day haze in the winter of Shijiazhuang using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS)[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(11):3972-3980.
• [16]赵晨曦,王云琦,王玉杰,等.北京地区冬春PM2.5和PM10污染水平时空分布及其与气象条件的关系[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):418-427.ZHAO Chenxi,WANG Yunqi,WANG Yujie,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5and PM10pollution status and the correlation of particulate matters and meteorological factors during winterand spring in Beijing[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(2):418-427.
• [17]李名升,任晓霞,于洋,等.中国大陆城市PM2.5污染时空分布规律[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):641-650.LI Mingsheng,REN Xiaoxia,YU Yang,et al.Spatiotemporal pattern of ground-level fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution in mainland China[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(3):641-650.
• [18]徐建辉,江洪.长江三角洲PM2.5质量浓度遥感估算与时空分布特征[J].环境科学,2015,36(9):3119-3127.XU Jianhui,JIANG Hong.Estimation of PM2.5concentration over the Yangtze Delta using remote wensing:Analysis of spatial and temporal variations[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(9):3119-3127.
• [19]王占山,李云婷,陈添,等.2013年北京市PM2.5的时空分布[J].地理学报,2015,70(1):110-120.WANG Zhanshan,LI Yunting,CHEN Tian,et al.Spatialtemporal characteristics of PM2.5in Beijing in 2013[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(1):110-120.
• [20]王嫣然,张学霞,赵静瑶,等.2013—2014年北京地区PM2.5时空分布规律及其与植被覆盖度关系的研究[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(1):103-111.WANG Yanran,ZHANG Xuexia,ZHAO Jingyao,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5and its relationship with vegetation coverage in Beijing during the period of 2013—2014[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(1):103-111.
• [21]成亚利,王波.上海市PM2.5的时空分布特征及污染评估[J].计算机与应用化学,2014,31(10):1189-1192.CHENG Yali,WANG Bo.Temporal and spatial distribution and contamination assessment of PM2.5in Shanghai[J].Computers and Applied Chemistry,2014,31(10):1189-1192.
• [22]王会芝.天津市大气PM2.5的时空分布特征和影响因素[J].城市环境与城市生态,2016,29(4):12-14.WANG Huizhi.Temporal-spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of atmospheric PM2.5in Tianjin[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2016,29(4):12-14.
• [23]刘永林,孙启民,钟明洋,等.重庆市主城区PM2.5时空分布特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(4):1219-1229.LIU Yonglin,SUN Qimin,ZHONG Mingyang,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5 in Chongqing urban areas[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(4):1219-1229.
• [24]冯媛,杨丽丽,赵鑫,等.石家庄市PM10和PM2.5中多环芳烃的分布及来源分析[J].河北工业科技,2015,32(1):72-77.FENG Yuan,YANG Lili,ZHAO Xin,et al.Distribution and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10and PM2.5in Shijiazhuang City[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2015,32(1):72-77.
• [25]齐堃,戴春岭,冯媛,等.石家庄市PM2.5工业源成分谱的建立及分析[J].河北工业科技,2015,32(1):78-84.QI Kun,DAI Chunling,FENG Yuan,et al.Establishment and analysis of PM2.5industrial science profiles in Shijiazhuang City[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2015,32(1):78-84.
• [26]陈静,杨鹏,韩军彩,等.基于高分辨率MARGA数据分析石家庄PM2.5成分谱特征[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2594-2604.CHEN Jing,YANG Peng,HAN Juncai,et al.Analysis of PM2.5spectrum characteristics in Shijiazhuang based on high resolution MARGA data[J].China Evironmental Science,2015,35(9):2594-2604.
• [27]李粟,苗海斌,康富华.石家庄市春季PM10和PM2.5浓度及其水溶性离子组分特征分析[J].河北工业科技,2015,32(1):90-94.LI Su,MIAO Haibin,KANG Fuhua.Analysis of mass concentration and water soluble components characteristics of PM10and PM2.5in spring in Shijiazhuang City[J].Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology,2015,32(1):90-94.
• [28]付桂琴,张杏敏,尤凤春,等.气象条件对石家庄PM2.5浓度的影响分析[J].干旱气象,2016,34(2):349-355.FU Guiqin,ZHANG Xingmin,YOU Fengchun,et al.Effect of meteorological conditions on PM2.5 concentration in Shijiazhuang of Hebei[J].Journal of Arid Meteorology,2016,34(2):349-355.
• [29]高康宁,曹会勇,康苏花,等.石家庄市环境空气PM2.5和PM10污染变化特征研究[J].能源环境保护,2015,29(4):62-64.GAO Kangning,CAO Huiyong,KANG Suhua,et al.Shijiazhuang City ambient air PM2.5and PM10pollution characteristics research[J].Energy Environmental Protection,2015,29(4):62-64.
• [30]张霞,孟琛琛,王丽涛,等.邯郸市大气污染特征及变化趋势研究[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2015,32(4):69-74.ZHANG Xia,MENG Chenchen,WANG Litao,et al.Characteristics and trend of air pollution in Handan City[J].Journal of Hebei University of Engineering(Natural Science Edition),2015,32(4):69-74.
• [31]HJ 633—2012,环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)[S].
• [32]周勤迁,潘月鹏,王剑,等.黑龙江海伦农业区冬春PM2.5和气态污染物污染特征[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(4):844-851.ZHOU Qinqian,PAN Yuepeng,WANG Jian,et al.Pollution characteristics of PM2.5and gaseous pollutants in winter and spring at agricultural region of Hailun City,Heilongjiang Province[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(4):844-851.
• [33]JONES A M,YIN J X,HARRISON R M.The weekdayweekend difference and the estimation of the non-vehicle contributions to the urban increment of airborne particulate matter[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(19):4467-4479.
• [34]CLEVELAND W S,GRAEDEL T E,KLEINER B,et al.Sunday and workday variations in photochemical air pollutants in New Jersey and New York[J].Science,1974,186(4168):1037-1038.
• [35]World Health Organization(WHO).WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter,Ozone,Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide:Global Update 2005[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2006.
• [36]雷瑜,张小玲,唐宜西,等.北京城区PM2.5及主要污染气体“周末效应”和“假日效应”研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(5):1520-1528.LEI Yu,ZHANG Xiaoling,TANG Yixi,et al.Holiday effects on PM2.5and other major pollutants in Beijing[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(5):1520-1528.